MAC addresses, short for Media Access Control addresses, are commonly used by many networking protocols.

One of the most popular is probably Ethernet that allows computer communication using a simple network cable.

Usually, MAC addresses are designated using the IEEE 802 format for MAC : it consists of six hexadecimal group

Windows servers can be used for many purposes. They are often used to host HTTP servers, SMTP servers.

However, most of the time, they are used to create domain controllers.

Domain controllers are servers that are specialized in answering authentication requests over a network.

In short, instead of storing credent

CIDR, standing for Classless Inter-Domain Routing, is a network notation used in order to allocate IP addresses and masks over a network.

Contrary to classful IP addressing used in the early days of Internet, CIDR is used to describe an IP with the number of bits assigned to the network portion.

As an example, the IP 194.12

As a network engineer, you are probably very familiar with the concept of classful IP addresses.

Divided into five different classes, IP classes were used in order to allocate specific ranges to providers.

For example, in the early stages of Internet, IP classes were assigned to AT&T Services,

When you are dealing with MAC addresses or IP addresses, it is very likely that you will be dealing with hexadecimal numbers at some point.

However, humans are not used to think in hexadecimal, it is easier for us to deal with decimal numbers.

Hexadecimal, as its name describes, is a representation of a num

If you have been working as a network administrator for quite some time, you probably already know about switches.

Switches are essential blocks of any network environment.

When they associated with computers, they are responsible for receiving and transmitting traffic over a network.

However, do you really know